General Information

  • ID:  hor000751
  • Uniprot ID:  P05059
  • Protein name:  Catestatin
  • Gene name:  CHGA
  • Organism:  Bos taurus (Bovine)
  • Family:  Chromogranin/secretogranin protein family
  • Source:  animal
  • Expression:  Highest concentration of GE-25 found in adrenal medulla with lower levels present in the pituitary, the intestinal mucosa and the pancreas. Also found in the brain.
  • Disease:  NA
  • Comments:  NA
  • Taxonomy:  Bos (genus), Bovinae (subfamily), Bovidae (family), Pecora (infraorder), Ruminantia (suborder), Artiodactyla (order), Laurasiatheria (superorder), Boreoeutheria, Eutheria, Theria, Mammalia (class), Amniota, Tetrapoda, Dipnotetrapodomorpha, Sarcopterygii (superclass), Euteleostomi, Teleostomi, Gnathostomata, Vertebrata, Craniata (subphylum), Chordata (phylum), Deuterostomia, Bilateria, Eumetazoa, Metazoa (kingdom), Opisthokonta, Eukaryota (superkingdom), cellular organisms
  • GO MF:  GO:0005509 calcium ion binding; GO:0046872 metal ion binding
  • GO BP:  GO:0002551 mast cell chemotaxis; GO:0016525 negative regulation of angiogenesis; GO:0030155 regulation of cell adhesion; GO:0031640 killing of cells of another organism; GO:0033604 negative regulation of catecholamine secretion; GO:0042742 defense response to bacterium; GO:0043303 mast cell degranulation; GO:0045087 innate immune response; GO:0045576 mast cell activation; GO:0046676 negative regulation of insulin secretion; GO:0046888 negative regulation of hormone secretion; GO:0050829 defense response to Gram-negative bacterium; GO:0050830 defense response to Gram-positive bacterium; GO:0050832 defense response to fungus; GO:0086030 adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in cardiac muscle relaxation; GO:2000707 positive regulation of dense core granule biogenesis
  • GO CC:  GO:0005576 extracellular region; GO:0005615 extracellular space; GO:0030133 transport vesicle; GO:0030141 secretory granule; GO:0031410 cytoplasmic vesicle; GO:0042583 chromaffin granule; GO:0098992 neuronal dense core vesicle

Sequence Information

  • Sequence:  RSMRLSFRARGYGFRGPGLQL
  • Length:  21
  • Propeptide:  MRSAAVLALLLCAGQVIALPVNSPMNKGDTEVMKCIVEVISDTLSKPSPMPVSKECFETLRGDERILSILRHQNLLKELQDLALQGAKERTHQQKKHSSYEDELSEVLEKPNDQAEPKEVTEEVSSKDAAEKRDDFKEVEKSDEDSDGDRPQASPGLGPGPKVEEDNQAPGEEEEAPSNAHPLASLPSPKYPGPQAKEDSEGPSQGPASREKGLSAEQGRQTEREEEEEKWEEAEAREKAVPEEESPPTAAFKPPPSLGNKETQRAAPGWPEDGAGKMGAEEAKPPEGKGEWAHSRQEEEEMARAPQVLFRGGKSGEPEQEEQLSKEWEDAKRWSKMDQLAKELTAEKRLEGEEEEEEDPDRSMRLSFRARGYGFRGPGLQLRRGWRPNSREDSVEAGLPLQVRGYPEEKKEEEGSANRRPEDQELESLSAIEAELEKVAHQLEELRRG
  • Signal peptide:  MRSAAVLALLLCAGQVIA
  • Modification:  T2 Phosphoserine;T3 Methionine sulfoxide
  • Glycosylation:  NA
  • Mutagenesis:  NA

Activity

  • Function:  Displays antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria M.luteus and B.megaterium, and Gram-negative bacteria E.coli, and antifungal activity against a variety of filamentous fungi including A.fumigatus, N.hematococca, F.culmorum, F.oxyporum, T. mentagrophytes and several forms of Candida: C.albicans, C.tropicalis, C.glabrata and C.neoform;inhibits catecholamine release from chromaffin cells and noradrenergic neurons by acting as a non-competitive nicotinic cholinergic antagonis; Can induce mast cell migration, degranulation and production of cytokines and chemokines
  • Mechanism:  Binds calcium with a low-affinity.
  • Cross BBB:  NA
  • Target:  NA
  • Target Unid:  NA
  • IC50: NA
  • EC50: NA
  • ED50: NA
  • kd: NA
  • Half life: NA

Structure

  • Disulfide bond:  NA
  • Structure ID:  AF-P05059-F1(AlphaFold_DB_ID)

  • Structure: (PDB_ID-from https://www.rcsb.org/; AlphaFold_DB_ID-from https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/; hordbxxxxxx_AF2.pdb was predicted structure by AlphaFold2; hordbxxxxxx_ESM.pdb was predicted structure by ESMFold)
    •    hor000751_AF2.pdbhor000751_ESM.pdb

Physical Information

Mass: 278274 Formula: C107H173N37O26S
Absent amino acids: CDEHIKNTVW Common amino acids: R
pI: 12.68 Basic residues: 5
Polar residues: 7 Hydrophobic residues: 6
Hydrophobicity: -54.29 Boman Index: -5844
Half-Life: 1 hour Half-Life Yeast: 2 min
Half-Life E.Coli: 2 min Aliphatic Index 60.48
Instability Index: 2620.95 Extinction Coefficient cystines: 1490
Absorbance 280nm: 74.5

Literature

  • PubMed ID:  12795588##9786174
  • Title:  Primary sequence characterization of catestatin intermediates and peptides defines proteolytic cleavage sites utilized for converting chromogranin A into active catestatin secreted from neuroendocrine chromaffin cells.